Dr Randeep Guleria says Delhi's bad air affects even those without breathing issues

Delhi’s air quality has plunged to alarming levels, with the Air Quality Index (AQI) dipping deep into the poor and very poor categories. Former AIIMS Director Dr Randeep Guleria warned that the current pollution levels are not only aggravating asthma and COPD but are also causing breathing problems among people with no prior respiratory issues as reported by ANI.

Doctors have reported that even healthy individuals are experiencing chest tightness, sore throat, nasal irritation, and coughing. According to experts, inhaling polluted air causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, reducing oxygen intake even in normal lungs. This forces the body to work harder to breathe, putting additional strain on the respiratory system.

Pollution’s impact on health
Polluted air affects more than just the lungs. Fine particles known as PM2.5 can enter the bloodstream, causing inflammation in blood vessels and increasing the risk of high blood pressure, heart attacks, and irregular heartbeat. Doctors caution that even a few days of exposure to very poor AQI levels can trigger chest discomfort and shortness of breath, particularly among those with pre-existing heart conditions.

‘Green crackers’ still harmful
Despite restrictions, the use of firecrackers during the festive season continues to worsen Delhi’s air. Dr Guleria told ANI that even “green crackers” emit fine dust and toxic gases such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which mix with moisture to form smog. Combined with stubble burning and vehicular emissions, these pollutants create a harmful mix that damages the respiratory lining with every breath.

Children and elderly at greater risk
Children breathe faster than adults and therefore inhale more pollutants per minute, making their developing lungs particularly vulnerable. Prolonged exposure can slow lung growth and increase the risk of asthma later in life. The elderly, especially those with heart disease, diabetes, or respiratory conditions, are also more prone to breathing distress and fatigue. Dr Guleria advised limiting outdoor activities for children to the afternoon, when pollution levels tend to be lower.

Tips to reduce exposure
While complete avoidance is difficult, doctors suggest several measures to minimise exposure:

• Wear N95 masks outdoors.
• Avoid morning and late evening walks when pollution peaks.
• Stay hydrated and consume antioxidant-rich foods like fruits and vegetables.
• Use air purifiers indoors and keep windows closed during high-smog hours.

Health experts say these simple steps can significantly reduce daily exposure and protect the lungs from long-term damage.

Disclaimer: This article is based on statements made by Former AIIMS Director Dr Randeep Guleria, as reported by ANI. It is intended for informational purposes only and should not replace medical advice. Individuals experiencing breathing difficulty, chest pain, or persistent cough should seek professional medical evaluation.